_________________________________________________________________

  E M P L O Y E E   B E N E F I T S ,   C O M P E N S A T I O N
                    &   P E N S I O N   L A W
                   Vol. 4,  No. 9: May 8, 2003
_________________________________________________________________

Publisher:     LSN Employment, Labor, Compensation & Pension Journals
               a division of
               Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. (SSEP)
               and Social Science Research Network (SSRN)

Editor:        PAMELA PERUN
               Urban Institute
               Mailto:pamela@planetnow.com

Copyright:     SSEP, Inc. 2003. All rights reserved.

Leading Social Science Research Delivered To Your Desktop
               http://www.SSRN.Com/

   ___________________________________________________________

                      Topic of This Issue:
                   International Developments
   ___________________________________________________________


SEARCHING THE SSRN ELECTRONIC LIBRARY
 To search the entire SSRN Electronic Library by author, title,
 JEL code, or full text of the abstracts in our database, please
 visit http://papers.ssrn.com/

 To browse all abstracts published in this journal, please visit
 http://www.ssrn.com/link/benefits-compensation-pension-law.html

REDISTRIBUTION
 Individual and professional subscriptions to the journal are for
 single users. It is a violation of copyright to redistribute
 this document electronically or otherwise without the explicit
 permission of Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc.
 Site licenses for organizations are available by contacting
 Mailto:Site@SSRN.Com

SIGN OFF
 To stop delivery of one or more of the SSRN journals, write to
 Mailto:Remove@SSRN.Com Include the JOURNAL name or the NETWORK
 name or ALL in the subject line. If your address has changed, let
 us know by writing to Mailto:AddressChg@SSRN.Com

ALIGNMENT
 If this document is misaligned, please set type face to a
 non-proportional font such as Courier 10.

PAPER DOWNLOADS
 If you need assistance downloading papers from our web site,
 please contact Mailto:Support@SSRN.Com


T A B L E   of   C O N T E N T S
_________________________________________________________________


NEW and FORTHCOMING ARTICLES

"Old Age Protection in India: Problems and Prognosis"
      International Social Security Review, Vol. 55, pp. 95-121,
      2002
     RANADEV GOSWAMI
        Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore


"Income Security for Older People: An Asian Perspective"
      International Social Security Review, Vol. 55, pp. 49-65,
      2002
     R. K. A. SUBRAHMANYA
        Social Security Association of India


"Healthcare Financing Reform and the New Single Payer System in
 The Republic of Korea: Social Solidarity or Efficiency?"
      International Social Security Review, Vol. 56, pp. 75-94,
      2003
     SOONMAN KWON
        Seoul National University

WORKING PAPERS

"Canadian Retirement Savings Plans and Italian Pension Reform"
     JOEL FRIED
        University of Western Ontario
        Department of Economics
     FRANCESCA ARNABOLDI
        Bocconi University
        Istituto di Economia dei Mercati e degli
        Intermediari Finanziari Giordano Dell'Amore (IEMIF)


"Pensions and Retirement Incentives. A Tale of Three Countries:
 Italy, Spain and the USA"
     AGAR BRUGIAVINI
        Universita' Ca' Foscari di Venezia
        Department of Economics
     FRANCO PERACCHI
        Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata
        Centre for International Studies on Economic Growth
        (CEIS)
     DAVID A. WISE
        National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
        Harvard University
        John F. Kennedy School of Government


"Pension Reform and Economic Performance in Britain in the 1980s
 and 1990s"
     RICHARD F. DISNEY
        University of Nottingham
        Axia Economics
        Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)
     CARL EMMERSON
        Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)
     SARAH SMITH
        Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)


"The Implications of an Ageing Population for the UK Economy"
     GARRY YOUNG
        Bank of England
        Domestic Finance Division


S S R N   I N F O R M A T I O N
_________________________________________________________________

          * Partners in Publishing
          * Administrative Information
             - Missing issues & change of address
             - Solicitation of abstracts
          * Directors
          * Subscription to SSRN Journals
_________________________________________________________________

ACQUIRING PAPERS
 Download papers directly from the included web address or contact
 the author or other contact person directly. Provide an address
 to which the author or other contact person can send a paper
 copy and mention that you saw the abstract in SSRN. Some of
 SSRN's Partners in Publishing require a subscription or charge a
 fee for electronic downloads.



EDITORIAL POLICIES
 To provide the broadest coverage of research in Employee
 Benefits, Compensation & Pension Law we do not referee working
 papers. We accept abstracts of working papers in Employee
 Benefits, Compensation & Pension Law whose topics suit the
 coverage of the journal and which are part of the worldwide
 scholarly discourse.


N E W   and   F O R T H C O M I N G   Articles
_________________________________________________________________

"Old Age Protection in India: Problems and Prognosis"
      International Social Security Review, Vol. 55, pp. 95-121,
      2002

      BY:  RANADEV GOSWAMI
              Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore

Document:  Available from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection:
           http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=309077

 Contact:  RANADEV GOSWAMI
   Email:  Mailto:ranadev2020@yahoo.com
  Postal:  Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore
           Bannerghatta Road
           Bangalore 560 076,  Karnataka   INDIA

ABSTRACT:
 This paper reviews the current state of the Indian pension
 system. The Indian experience could potentially influence policy
 decisions in other developing countries, especially those with
 similar reliance on the national provident fund system.
 Institutional features of various retirement benefit schemes are
 highlighted and their deficiencies are discussed. It is argued
 that low coverage level, underperformance of provident fund
 schemes due to investment restrictions, and financial
 difficulties in administering unfunded public pension programmes
 have rendered the current system ineffective and unsustainable.
 The failed experiments with ad hoc reform initiatives in the
 recent past further emphasize the need for a structural and
 lasting change. The paper concludes with some policy directions
 for reforming the Indian pension system.

______________________________

"Income Security for Older People: An Asian Perspective"
      International Social Security Review, Vol. 55, pp. 49-65,
      2002

      BY:  R. K. A. SUBRAHMANYA
              Social Security Association of India

Document:  Available from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection:
           http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=309067

 Contact:  R. K. A. SUBRAHMANYA
   Email:  Mailto:author340268@ssrn.com
  Postal:  Social Security Association of India
           Bangalore,    INDIA

ABSTRACT:
 In Asia and the Pacific, as in other developing regions, the
 continuing growth of the aged population has a great impact on
 social security programmes generally and, in particular, on the
 income security of older persons. In societies where traditional
 support systems are breaking up, their need for social security
 protection is increasingly important. A system of social
 security for the elderly population exists in most countries of
 the region. Many are provident fund schemes, which are basically
 saving schemes, and their coverage is low. Where social
 insurance pension schemes exist, the levels of benefits provided
 are also low. The focus for future development, therefore, lies
 in converting the savings schemes into multitiered pension
 schemes, extending their coverage and raising the level of
 benefits. In this context the critical question concerns the
 role of the State and the type of schemes used. The need for
 public pension schemes is great in Asia and the Pacific, where
 the level of poverty is comparatively high. Building pension
 schemes, whether public or private, involves a set of issues
 that need to be addressed. This article considers the systems
 currently in place and the challenges and limitations faced when
 considering the future development of social security in this
 area.

______________________________

"Healthcare Financing Reform and the New Single Payer System in
 The Republic of Korea: Social Solidarity or Efficiency?"
      International Social Security Review, Vol. 56, pp. 75-94,
      2003

      BY:  SOONMAN KWON
              Seoul National University

Document:  Available from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection:
           http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=377098

 Contact:  SOONMAN KWON
   Email:  Mailto:kwonsm@maincc.hufs.ac.kr
  Postal:  Seoul National University
           San 56-1 Shillim-dong
           Kwanak-ku
           Seoul, 151-742,    KOREA
   Phone:  (82) 2 3421-5219
     Fax:  (82) 2 3421-5219

ABSTRACT:
 In July 2000, national health insurance in the Republic of Korea
 was transformed into a single insurer system. This major reform
 in healthcare financing resulted from the merger of more than
 350 health insurance societies. Inequity in healthcare financing
 and the chronic financial situation of the health insurance
 societies for self-employed workers in rural areas have been the
 driving forces leading to the unified health insurance system.
 The unique institutional context together with political change
 opened the window of policy change, and various stakeholders
 such as politicians, rural self-employed workers, trade unions
 and civic groups were involved in the healthcare reform process.
 Fair income assessment of the self-employed and the role of the
 single insurer as a prudent purchaser of medical care will be
 vital for the new system to achieve its intended goal and
 improve social solidarity and efficiency of healthcare.

______________________________

W O R K I N G   P A P E R   Abstracts
_________________________________________________________________

"Canadian Retirement Savings Plans and Italian Pension Reform"

      BY:  JOEL FRIED
              University of Western Ontario
              Department of Economics
           FRANCESCA ARNABOLDI
              Bocconi University
              Istituto di Economia dei Mercati e degli
              Intermediari Finanziari Giordano Dell'Amore (IEMIF)

Document:  Available from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection:
           http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=370600

           Other Electronic Document Delivery:
           http://www.ssc.uwo.ca/economics/centres/epri/
           SSRN only offers technical support for papers
           downloaded from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection
           location. When URLs wrap, you must copy and paste
           them into your browser eliminating all spaces.

Paper ID:  University of Western Ontario, Economic Policy
           Research Institute Working Paper No. 2002-7
    Date:  December 2002

 Contact:  FRANCESCA ARNABOLDI
   Email:  Mailto:francesca.arnaboldi@uni-bocconi.it
  Postal:  Bocconi University
           Istituto di Economia dei Mercati e degli
           Intermediari Finanziari Giordano Dell'Amore
           (IEMIF)
           Via Sarfatti
           25 - 20136 Milano,    ITALY
   Phone:  +390258365965
 Co-Auth:  JOEL FRIED
   Email:  Mailto:FRIED@UWO.CA
  Postal:  University of Western Ontario
           Department of Economics
           London,  Ontario N6A 5C2  CANADA

ABSTRACT:
 Canada has developed an extensive private pension system that
 accounts for more than half the government assisted resources
 available for retirement incomes. Private plans in Italy account
 for less than one percent of retirement resources, but it has
 recently provided pension reforms to encourage greater use of
 these plans. This paper examines these reforms in light of
 Canada's experience with its private savings plans. In general
 terms the Canadian plans available to firms and individuals are
 more integrated with one another than is allowed in Italy, and,
 as well, the private plans in Italy have less flexibility to
 address both pre-retirement cash needs and the ability to shift
 retirement assets between portfolio managers. There are also
 fewer post retirement options available in Italy. The greater
 choice and flexibility of Canadian plans are seen as attractive
 features to savers and further Italian reforms that provide
 these characteristics to retirement savings plans should lead to
 more rapid growth in Italian private plans.

 Keywords: Pensions, Flexibility, Tax Deferred Savings


JEL Classification: G239, H550, J260
______________________________

"Pensions and Retirement Incentives. A Tale of Three Countries:
 Italy, Spain and the USA"

      BY:  AGAR BRUGIAVINI
              Universita' Ca' Foscari di Venezia
              Department of Economics
           FRANCO PERACCHI
              Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata
              Centre for International Studies on Economic Growth
              (CEIS)
           DAVID A. WISE
              National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
              Harvard University
              John F. Kennedy School of Government

Document:  Available from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection:
           http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=382986

Paper ID:  CEIS Tor Vergata Research Paper No. 6
    Date:  February 2003

 Contact:  AGAR BRUGIAVINI
   Email:  Mailto:brugiavi@unive.it
  Postal:  Universita' Ca' Foscari di Venezia
           Department of Economics
           Cannaregio 873
           Venezia VE 30121,    ITALY
 Co-Auth:  FRANCO PERACCHI
   Email:  Mailto:franco.peracchi@uniroma2.it
  Postal:  Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata
           Centre for International Studies on Economic
           Growth (CEIS)
           Via Columbia, 2
           Roma,    ITALY
 Co-Auth:  DAVID A. WISE
   Email:  Mailto:DWISE@NBER.ORG
  Postal:  National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
           1050 Massachusetts Avenue
           Cambridge, MA 02138  UNITED STATES

Paper Requests:
 Contact Vincenzo Atella at Mailto:atella@uniroma2.it or Postal:
 CEIS - Centre for International Studies on Economics and
 Development, Univ. of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Columbia, 2 00133
 Roma ITALY. Phone: 06/72595601, Fax: 06/2020687. Fee: 5 Euro per
 paper.

ABSTRACT:
 This paper looks at the relationship between the institutional
 design of the social security system and retirement from the
 labour force in three countries: Italy, Spain and the USA. Our
 works stresses the importance of dynamic incentives embedded in
 social security systems throughout the world and makes use of
 these three countries as an example. In fact they provide enough
 variability in their welfare programs that can be exploited to
 explain differences in retirement behavior. We show that social
 security rules are very important for individual's decisions to
 retire at a given age and that policy changes aimed at achieving
 age-neutrality of social security systems have a crucial role in
 shaping welfare.

 Keywords: pensions, retirement incentives, labor supply


JEL Classification: H31, H55, J26
______________________________

"Pension Reform and Economic Performance in Britain in the 1980s
 and 1990s"

      BY:  RICHARD F. DISNEY
              University of Nottingham
              Axia Economics
              Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)
           CARL EMMERSON
              Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)
           SARAH SMITH
              Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)

Document:  Available from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection:
           http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=387564

Paper ID:  NBER Working Paper No. W9556
    Date:  March 2003

 Contact:  RICHARD F. DISNEY
   Email:  Mailto:RICHARD.DISNEY@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
  Postal:  University of Nottingham
           School of Economics
           University Park
           Nottingham NG7 2RD,    UNITED KINGDOM
   Phone:  +44 115 951 5620
     Fax:  +44 115 951 4159
 Co-Auth:  CARL EMMERSON
   Email:  Mailto:Carl.Emmerson@ifs.org.uk
  Postal:  Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)
           7 Ridgmount Street
           London WC1E 7AE,    UNITED KINGDOM
 Co-Auth:  SARAH SMITH
   Email:  Mailto:sarah.smith@ifs.org.uk
  Postal:  Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)
           7 Ridgmount Street
           London WC1E 7AE,    UNITED KINGDOM

Paper Requests:
 Full-Text downloads are available from SSRN Online for $5.

ABSTRACT:
 The late 1980s saw a major shift in pension provision in the
 United Kingdom, when for the first time individuals were
 permitted to opt out of part of the social security program into
 individual retirement saving accounts (Personal Pensions). At
 the same time, membership of company-provided pension plans
 (occupational schemes) was made voluntary. The paper explores
 the possible impact of these, and other related changes in
 social security in the 1980s and 1990s in the UK, on household
 saving rates, on current and future public finances, on
 retirement, and on the job mobility of individuals covered by
 company pension plans.


JEL Classification: H2
______________________________

"The Implications of an Ageing Population for the UK Economy"

      BY:  GARRY YOUNG
              Bank of England
              Domestic Finance Division

Document:  Available from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection:
           http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=340488

           Other Electronic Document Delivery:
           http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/workingpapers/wp159.pdf
           SSRN only offers technical support for papers
           downloaded from the SSRN Electronic Paper Collection
           location. When URLs wrap, you must copy and paste
           them into your browser eliminating all spaces.

Paper ID:  Bank of England Working Paper No. 159
    Date:  July 2002

 Contact:  GARRY YOUNG
   Email:  Mailto:garry.young@bankofengland.co.uk
  Postal:  Bank of England
           Domestic Finance Division
           Threadneedle Street
           London EC2R 8AH,    UNITED KINGDOM
   Phone:  020 7601 4792

Paper Requests:
 Contact The Publications Group at Bank of England, Threadneedle
 Street, London, EC2R 8AH, UK. Phone: +0207 601 4030. Fax: +0207
 601 3298. Mailto:mapublications@bankofengland.co.uk

ABSTRACT:
 This paper considers the likely development of aggregate living
 standards in the United Kingdom over the course of this century
 and some of the risks to this outlook. It argues that even under
 relatively cautious assumptions about technological progress and
 capital accumulation, aggregate living standards (as measured by
 GDP per head) are set to double over the next 50 years. While
 there are clear risks to this aggregate outlook, these would be
 present even without demographic change. The paper also
 discusses the risks to the living standards of individuals and
 individual cohorts. These risks have changed in three main ways
 as a result of demographic change. First, ageing has been a
 factor throughout the world in encouraging a shift from public
 to private provision for old age, increasing the proportion of
 retired people exposed to risks to market prices and rates of
 return. Second, the size of the group exposed to such risks is
 growing larger as a direct result of ageing. Third, any adverse
 effects of demographic change are most likely to be felt in old
 age; one of the effects of people living longer is that they
 have to spread their lifetime incomes over more years of life,
 implying a need for more saving when working. If this does not
 occur, then consumption has to be a lot lower in old age than
 would have been the case had proper provision been made for
 retirement.